Quad Tiltrotor Aerodynamics in Ground Effect
نویسندگان
چکیده
Performance of a simplified Quad Tiltrotor (QTR) is studied in ground effect using CFD. The rotor systems are modeled in a time averaged sense using source terms for the forces in the momentum equations. Viscous body conforming overset meshes are used to model all the solid surfaces of the vehicle. The background Cartesian grid is used to specify the far-field boundary conditions and transfer information between the various grids. Downloads on the simplified QTR aircraft components are compared with those for a simplified V-22 for identical conditions in hover. The large download seen out of ground effect is observed to disappear as either vehicle is placed closer to the ground. In fact, on the ground the QTR aircraft is observed to produce an upload. Lower power requirements are observed for the rotors on the QTR when out of ground of effect, because of the presence of wings underneath which act as ground planes. In forward flight minimal download is observed in ground effect, indicating that a flight path might be chosen to minimize the download penalty on the wings associated with QTR in hover when out of ground effect.
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